02.01.2024 Im Rahmen eines Atomreaktorunfalls können große Mengen radioaktiver Partikel freigesetzt und mit der Luft verbreitet werden. Gegen die meisten dieser radioaktiven Partikel gibt es keine wirksamen Schutzmaßnahmen. Die Belastung der Schilddrüse mit radioaktivem Jod kann jedoch weitgehend verhindert werden, wenn frühzeitig hoch dosierte Jodtabletten eingenommen werden. Die deutsche IPPNW hat ihre Empfehlungen zum Schutz der Schilddrüse bei Atomreaktorunfällen aktualisiert und bei diesem Update die besondere Schutzbedürftigkeit von Schwangeren, Stillenden, Früh- und Neugeborenen berücksichtigt.
Download: IPPNW-Empfehlungen zur Jodblockade bei Atomunfällen
Liste der Quellenangaben der IPPNW-Empfehlungen:
- Becker DV, Zanzonico P. "Potassium Iodide for Thyroid Blockade in a Reactor Accident: Administrative Policies That Govern Its Use". Thyroid. February 2009, 7(2): 193-197. http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/thy.1997.7.193
- Becker DV et al. "The Use of Iodine as a Thyroidal Blocking Agent in the Event of a Reactor Accident. Report of the Environmental Hazards Committee of the American Thyroid Association". JAMA. 1984;252(5):659-661. http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/393777
- Calaciura et al. "Childhood IQ measurements in infants with transient congenital hypothyroidism". Clinical Endocrinology (1995) 43, 473-477. doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1995.tb02620.x
- Conelly K et al. "Congenital Hypothyroidism Caused by Excess prenatal Maternal Iodine Ingestion". J Pediatr 2012;161:760-2. https://www.healthynewbornnetwork.org/hnn-content/uploads/Connelly_Congenital-hypothyroidism.pdf
- European Commission. "Medical effectiveness of iodine prophylaxis in a nuclear reactor emergency situation and overview of European practices". Radiation Protection No 165. pp 34-35. https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/documents/165.pdf
- Hänscheid H et al. "Facing the Nuclear Threat: Thyroid Blocking Revisited". Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Volume 96, Issue 11. http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/jc.2011-1539
- Il'in LA et al. "Radioactive Iodine in the Problem of Radiation Safety". Atomizdat, 1972. Translated from Russian and published in English by the US Atomic Energy Commission, Office of Information Services in 1974 as document AECF-tr-7536.
- Le Guen B et al. "French Approach for the Distribution of Iodine Tablets in the Vicinity of Nuclear Power Plants". Health Physics, August 2002, Volume 83, Issue 2, pp. 293-300. http://journals.lww.com/health-physics/Abstract/2002/08000/French_Approach_for_the_Distribution_of_Iodine.16.aspx
- Leung M et al. "American Thyroid Association Scientific Statement on the Use of Potassium Iodine Ingestion in a Nuclear Emergency". THYROID Volume 27, Number 7 2017 American Thyroid Association. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28537500/
- Meck RA et al. "Criteria for the Administration of KI for Thyroid Blocking of Radioiodine". Health Physics, February 1985 - Volume 48 - Issue 2. http://journals.lww.com/health-physics/Abstract/1985/02000/Criteria_for_the_Administration_of_KI_for_Thyroid.1.aspx
- Nauman J, Wolff J. "Iodine Prophylaxis in Poland After The Chernobyl Reactor Accident: Benefits and Risks". Am J Med 94:524-532. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8498398/
- Pfinder M, Dreger S et al. "The effects of Iodine blocking on Thyroid cancer, hypothyrodism and benign noduls following nuclear accidents: A systematic rewiew". Radiol Prot. 2016 Dec;36(4): R121-R130. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27655110/
- Ramsden D et al. "Radioiodine Uptakes in the Thyroid Studies of the Blocking and Subsequent Recovery of the Gland Following the Administration of Stable Iodine". Health Physics, June 1967, Volume 13, Issue 6. http://journals.lww.com/health-physics/Abstract/1967/06000/Radioiodine_Uptakes_in_the_Thyroid_Studies_of_the.12.aspx
- Reiners C et al. "Potassium iodide (KI) to block the thyroid from exposure to I-131: current questions and answers to be discussed". Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, May 2013, Volume 52, Issue 2, pp 189–193. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00411-013-0462-0
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